Doctor Appointments with Down Syndrome

Every summer our visits to the doctor increase.  It seems more likely they would in winter, but for us summer is when I schedule well-child check-ups and any extra appointments like yearly eye exams for my glasses-wearing children.

Recently, at a two for one visit, Joseph and Maria had their well-child check-ups.  I was just being me, when their doctor referred to me as a Gentle Steamroller.  I'll get to that in a bit.

According to the National Down Syndrome Society, Joseph needs extra doctor appointments specifically related to issues known to become problematic for people with Down syndrome.  Thyroid checks, neck x-rays, hearing and eye exams, sleep studies, cardiac check-ups - these are all medical issues that need to be addressed.

This handy guide from NDSS lists the recommended health care needs of children with Down syndrome by age.  I refer to this each summer when Joseph visits his primary care doctor for a well-child check-up.

Checking my list is the easy part.

Children with Down syndrome often do not like to be touched or poked upon in any way, shape, or form when it comes to doctors.  Children with Down syndrome also have increased hypotonia (low muscle tone) and for some reason this hypotonia allows them to get their bodies into contortions of epic proportion.  These said contortions make it nearly impossible for a one-poke blood draw.  Measuring blood pressure?  Again, nearly impossible.  Joseph can twist his arm within the ballooned cuff, making the medical assistant work for every dollar she makes.  And eye exams?  Better eat my Wheaties that morning.

I've endured my share of doctor appointments over the years.  Eye appointments, hearing exams, echo cardiograms, weight checks, x-rays, vaccines, blood draws, ear checks, oh the ear checks of toddler days.

I've developed my mom at the doctor style, relived my cheerleader days, and learned a few tricks along the way.  In case you find yourself needing to take a child with Down syndrome to the doctor, I'll share with you what I've learned to date.  I'm sure these tips can be used for any child, I just happen to have learned them by being Joseph's mom.

What I Know About Taking a Child with Down Syndrome to the Doctor

#1 - Joseph is closing in on 9 years old in August and doctor appts. have gotten MUCH MUCH better.  Not great, but better.  It's been a long and bumpy road getting to this point, which is still NOT great.  As Joseph matures so does his behavior and understanding of what's happening at the doctor.

Here's a year by year account of blood draws.  It's not for the squeamish.

Birth - 1 year (2 phlebotomists and me)
Blood draws were miserable.  His hypotonia, tiny, rolling veins, and weakness was almost unbearable.  Three to four pokes was the norm before getting a "good vein".  He was so tiny and easily held still, but his weak cry brought tears to my eyes every time.  I  knew it must be hurting, but he hardly had the energy to let us know.

1-3 years (2 phlebotomists and me)
His heart nice and strong now, he was strong and loud.  He could wiggle out of every hold.  The phlebotomist would always have an assistant holding his elbow.  The needle would go in, he'd wiggle his shoulder and the vein would be gone.  Every time we went in for a blood draw the phlebotomists were amazed.  A couple of the girls actually had nicknames for him like Houdini and Mr. Magic because he could get his elbow out of any hold.

3-5 years (2 phlebotomists and me)
Blood draws were rare in this time period.  I don't have much recollection of what it was like.

5 years - current (3 phlebotomists and me)
Joseph was having a lot of intestinal troubles during this time, i.e. severe constipation which eventually led us to see an endocrinologist.  He checked his TSH and found him to have hypothyroidism.  The blood draws quickly increased to every 2 months.  Joseph is VERY strong and will fight without abandon.  A particularly difficult blood draw was last summer.  We wrapped him in a sheet, one assistant took care of his legs, I had him on my lap with his head locked in under my chin and bear hugging him.  The other 2 phlebotomists were in charge of the actual blood draw.  He was not going to give up; we were all sweating terribly.  And then another angel nurse directed a fan right on us.  That tiny distraction was just enough that the poke "took" and within minutes we were outta there.

We've endured our share of blood draws similar to the one I just shared.  At the last blood draw we dropped back down to only 2 phlebotomists and me.  We are making progress.  Joseph is making progress.  Life is good.

Take heart, mama and daddy of a child with Down syndrome, doctor appointments will get easier.  Time and maturity do so much in the way of easing a child's anxiety.

#2 - Practice, practice, practice!  Play doctor at home.  Does that need much explanation?  In the toddler years shine a flashlight into your child's ears, have them say "aahh" after brushing their teeth, tap and activate their knee reflexes while getting them dressed.  Basically, do doctor and dentist stuff at home as often as possible.  New experiences cause freak outs.  Don't let the doctor's actions be new.  Give your child plenty of opportunities for practice at home.

Now that Joseph is older and can understand my explanations better, I talk about the doctor a lot at home.  A couple days before an appointment I start sharing all the things I can think of that the medical assistant and doctor will be doing to him.  For example before an endocrine appt. I'll tell Joe that he's going to step on the giant scale and his height will be measured up against the wall.  I remind him what it feels like to have his blood pressure taken.  Then we take turns squeezing each other's arm as hard as we can.  I show him how to feel my pulse; then I feel his.  I feel his thyroid gland and tell him how the doctor will feel his neck to see how big or small his thyroid gland is.  He'll have to let the doctor push on his tummy.  I talk A LOT about what will happen.

PRACTICE, PRACTICE, PRACTICE

#3 - Leave the fussy clothes on the hanger and opt for comfortable, easy on/off clothing.  This is so important.  And it makes total sense, right?  I like to schedule multiple appointments in one day.  That means lots of on and off of the clothing.  I have Joseph wear his most comfy, elastic waist shorts or pants with a favorite t-shirt or hoodie (depending on the season).  I keep my outfit simple, too.  If a wrestling match breaks out, I want to be ready.

#4 - Learn to be a Gentle Steamroller.  I've practiced every possible doctor office scenario, talked myself to sleep about what'll be going down at the doctor, and dressed Joe in comfy clothes.  Now we're there and he's decided that no way, no how is the doctor going to touch his thyroid gland.  My standby line has always been, (said in the sweetest Michelle Duggar voice)  "you need to cooperate or I'll force you".  That's what I said when Joe's pediatrician referred to me as a Gentle Steamroller.  A compliment, I think.  I guess it basically means I will not take "no" as an answer from my kids.

I've also taught Joe to say thank you to all the medical staff he encounters.  It's so sweet when he says thank you to the blood drawing phlebotomist as she places a band-aid in the crook of his arm.

I think having this mindset as the mom going into the doctor appointment reassures Joe that the exam is necessary and it's going to happen no matter what.  It's not optional; bad behavior will not get him a ticket to home.  My time is valuable and we'll get done what we came here to do.  Harsh?  No, just reality!

#5 - If you're gonna be a gentle steamroller then holding tightly is required.  In years past, before Joe accepted an ear exam, I had to hold him on my lap, one leg over his legs and one arm around his chest, the other forearm holding his head.  He wouldn't cooperate so I had to force him.  I've found that holding him as tight as I can to my chest is helpful.  Gradually I've been able to ease up on the tight holding.  Ear exams?  Now he asks for them.  Crazy, I know.

#6 - Encouraging words are vital.  On days when my emotions could easily get out of control, I find that pulling out my old cheerleader voice helps me get through the difficult exam.  Telling him how I expect him to act as if he's already acting that way sometimes gets results.  Does that make sense?  Talking him through it, talks me through it, too.  I say things to Joe like:

Wow!  Great job, Joseph.

You can do this.  You're strong.

You're such a good boy.  Look how still you can sit for Dr. _______

Awesome job!  You can let Dr. ________ touch your tummy.

Show the doctor how wide you can open your mouth.

Great!  You can tell Dad how much you weigh.

#7 - Pray without ceasing.  One thing I love about the Catholic faith is memorized prayer.  My favorite is the Memorare.  It is the perfect prayer in tough situations.  I often find myself not even thinking about prayer until the doctor visit isn't going so well.  And then the Memorare is the first prayer that pops to mind.

From Rosary Rendezvous

It never fails me.  NEVER.  EVER.

What would you add to this list?  What has helped ease the "pain" of doctor appointments for your child with Down syndrome?  I'd love to hear.

A Day With All About Reading

As you know from numerous other posts, we are in our 3rd (or is it 4th?) year of using All About Reading and All About Spelling.

When I'm researching a new curriculum option I like to see how other families are actually using the product.  Do they use it exactly as is?  Or do they tweak it to meet their needs?  

I tweak everything!!!  For one, Joseph does not fit into any box.  In some areas his skills are around grade level, yet in other areas he has substantial delays.  Homeschooling is the perfect solution to meeting his wide range of needs.

Today I'd like to share A Day With All About Reading.  

Joseph (Down syndrome, age 8) is working through Level 1.  Progress is slow, but consistent.  He's on lesson 16.  And we've been at this for well over a school year.  I spend a lot of time on the Fluency Practice pages and the word flashcards.  Let's say one lesson takes us 6 school days to complete, I still start each day with the green word flashcards.  It's become a habit and if I try to start instruction any other way, Joe gets grumpy and wants the fwashcards.  I also add in sight word reading lessons between each All About Reading lesson.

Most lessons have activity pages to go with, such as this one.  He just learned the /th/ sound and this activity page has him cut out and color (if desired) fried eggs, then place them in a pan and flip them to read.  I don't usually have Joe color the pages, but I thought it would be a good lesson in following directions and perseverance to have him use a highlighter to color in each yolk.  I gave him explicit directions to color in the entire yolk without getting any yolk on his egg white.  While he worked hard at this, I spent time reading books to Peter and Maria. 

I put three eggs at a time in the pan, he flipped them and read the /th/ word.  The activity pages in All About Reading are simple, fun, and effective practice.

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I have a super fun idea to get your kids to practice reading and develop fluency.

Whenever our niece comes to visit, she has a poem to read to us.  Her assignment is to read it and have people sign that they listened to her.  

Peter is also working through Level 1 - we just started some time in the late fall.  He's really good at reading the flashcards, but needs a lot of practice with fluency.  Every other lesson of All About Reading has the student read from the phonics reader.  One time through the story isn't enough.  He's pretty slow and choppy and the meaning of the story is lost.  So, I thought about our niece's assignment and adapted it to our homeschool.

I wrote the name of the story on the notecard and then numbered it 1-6.  I told him he had to read the story to 6 people and then I would give him a treat.  I purchased a giant bag of candy for him to pick from.

It's working like a dream.  The first time he reads the story I sign, so then he only has to get 5 other people to listen and sign, but he can't double up.  Each person to sign has to = a reading.

Emily's home on spring break - Peter's reading to her while she folds laundry.

Peter reads "The Sad Hog" to Maria.

Peter reads it again to Sam.

Here's a look at his notecard with signatures.  I purchased some chocolate, too, so next time Joseph has a phonics reader lesson I'll be using this fluency practice technique with him, too.

All About Reading has been a winner for our family.  Do you have questions about this or other levels?  Just ask in the comments.

All About Learning Press is always offering new and exciting free games and other learning activities.  Here's a fun one for practicing compound words.

Linking Up With

Laundry Room Speech Therapy

Dirty laundry is the story of my life.  Laundry baskets don't stay empty very long around here.  Seems like I wash a load, turn around, and the basket is full again.  I spend a lot of time sorting, washing, transferring, folding, and putting away laundry.  I'm not complaining though.  Really, it's an easy job when compared to other household chores.  It's one I haven't delegated to anyone else.  Scrubbing the tub...Amber?  Are you busy?  Sweeping the garage...Sam?  Grab the broom.  I'll stick with the laundry.

It probably comes as no surprise then when I say I spend a lot of time in the laundry room.  I teach Pre-School skills, give spelling tests, and even conduct speech therapy while completing the task of laundry.

We haven't ventured down the path of organized speech therapy with Joseph yet.  I know it's the norm for children with Down syndrome, but I rarely subscribe to the norms.  I'm wishy washy about the usefulness of it.  I'd have to pack up younger siblings, drive a distance, take time away from our normal homeschool day, leave older siblings to fend for themselves.  Would the results payoff?  I don't know.  Ask me about this in September and I'll probably think differently.

However, I do strive to incorporate my own version of speech therapy into our daily schedule.  The best place for practice is in the laundry room, of course.

Here's what I do:

As I remove items from the dryer, I have Joseph label them (with words).  He'll say something like shirt, an easy word for him.  I'll add to that and have him repeat it.  I might say t-shirt or long-sleeve shirt or sweatshirt.  These are harder for him to say.  He's not fond of multi-syllable words.  Taking another item from the dryer, he'll label it pants.  I'll say blue jeans or work pants or athletic pants.  He has a hard time with the consonant+l blend and also the /th/ phoneme so I like to incorporate those as much as possible.

I know speech therapists have special training to help with these issues and all I'm armed with is the internet, unconditional love and a burning desire for him to succeed, but so far it's working for us....until I change my mind.  Like I said, I'm wishy washy on this subject.

Linking up with Works For Me Wednesday

Letting Him Gain Some Independence

When I first learned Joseph would have Down syndrome I fast-forwarded 20 years imagining my grown child always by my side, always needing my help and I was scared.  I wasn't scared of the baby stage.  I wasn't scared of the child stage.  I was scared of the adult stage.  I was scared of him being dependent on me forever.  I was scared of my perceived loss of freedom.

Joe is quickly approaching eight.  He's dependent on me like any eight year old would be.  He needs me to crush his Thyroid tablet and mix it with applesauce.  He needs me to wash his clothes.  He needs me to help him with shoelaces.  

He's also quickly becoming independent in many ways.  He's figured out all the safety measures put in place to keep him from getting outside.  He makes his way out the door without so much as a "See ya" and walks to his favorite spot - the water's edge.  Last year I had to literally chase him around the yard for fear he would walk straight into the reservoir, but now this year he actually looks back waving his hand in a manner that says, "Go away, you are not needed.  I got this."  

Recently, while shopping, Joseph had to use the bathroom.  The normal routine is to use the women's restroom, but this time he walked straight for the men's restroom, turned to me and signaled for me to stop like a police officer does when directing traffic.  I reluctantly let him do his business on his own, waiting at the door in case of emergency.  And you know what?  No emergency ensued.  I could hear him talk to himself, flush, struggle with the lock, wash his hands, and then he appeared in the doorway all happy and independent.

Sometimes I find myself feeling almost sad that he's so independent.  It's hard to let go.  It's hard to let him spread his wings in this harsh world.  Independence means making decisions and living with the consequences.  Is he ready?  Am I ready?  

I suppose we'll keep adding to his list of I Can Do's slowly, just like we do with our other children.  I'll stand back, watching, waiting, and ready to swoop in for a rescue if need be.  But, rescuing isn't easy when he's always running away from me.  My early fears of him at my side 24/7 were just that -  fears.  And then as the realization of his independence sets in......

I walk into the living room to find this.  Leaf added for privacy.  We still have a long way to go.  And that's OK.

Blogging has been light to say the least.  Summer is a busy time.  Three teens working at 5 different places.  BMX racing and 4-H events are keeping us hopping.  The garden is ready for a tilling and the house needs a good makeover, especially those school room closets.  I hope to get back into a routine of regular posting, but family obligations come first.

Have a great day!

How I'm Teaching Joseph to Read and All About Reading Level 1 Review

When I'm researching a new teaching method or curriculum I love getting a glimpse into a real family using the method or curriculum.  Especially, when I have questions in regards to Joseph and Down syndrome I turn to the internet for insight.  And it's most helpful to find a blog sharing the nitty gritty details.  Today I'll be sharing the details of teaching Joseph to read.  He's not a reader in the sense that he can pick up a book and read; however, he can read three letter CVC (consonant-vowel-consonant) words and the word the.  He's on his way, albeit very s.....l.....o.....w.....l.....y.  I'll take it though.

Joseph learned his ABC's in the typical fashion:  singing, alphabet puzzles, dvd's, ABC poster (not the exact one we have)

Joseph learned the letter sounds primarily from Leap Frog:  Letter Factory.  I reinforced by using the All About Reading - Pre-Reading Level.  Once that was complete it was time to take the leap to blending sounds and reading words.  And that's where we are now.

I've found the best way to entice new readers is to teach them to read their name.  Name crafts and games are fun.  One thing I've done with Joe is write each letter of his first name on a milk jug cap.  Then trace the caps on a piece of paper.  Write each letter of his name in a traced cap.  Then let him match the milk jug caps to the paper.  This reinforces letter placement and helps them read their name from left to right.  We also make name signs for his bedroom door.  Whenever we go into his room together I point, slide my finger under the letters and say his name.  If I see his name in print somewhere else I point it out.  Maybe it's the author of a book we're reading, or the cashiers name at the store, I point it out to him.  Since we just put up our Christmas tree yesterday, I think this tree name craft will be fun for Joseph (and Peter and Maria, too).

Once they can identify their name consistently, it's time to start putting CVC words together and attempt reading.

Again, Joseph is so visual that DVD's really help.  Another Leap Frog dvd we like is Leap Frog:  Talking Words Factory.  I'm also following the All About Reading - Level 1 program.  

A series of pictures during one of our reading lessons will show best what exactly we do.  The Level 1 reading lessons are too long to complete in one sitting with Joseph.  I also like to review the material heavily before moving on.  Initially, I planned on two short reading sessions a day, but for reasons I can't account for (yeah right) we can only get in one session a day.  At our current rate we'll finish up Level 1 around Joe's 11th birthday (at present he's 7).  I think we better pick up the pace a bit.  I'll narrate the following pictures to give you an idea of how a reading sessions goes.

Amber begins taking pictures as we start on a Fluency Practice sheet.  These are all short (a) words. We only read one line a day, about 7 words.  At the time of these pictures, one line took about 25 minutes to read.  Notice my proximity to Joe as the lesson progresses.  

As you can see, he's a bit distracted by my arm.  I decide to clear away the counter clutter, hoping his focus will improve.

 He pointed, but also got distracted by the camera.

 Lost it again.  Completely into the camera.  I'm getting somewhat annoyed at this point.

 He's sliding his finger, he's sounding out the word, we're on a roll.

I can actually see his mouth making the (a) sound.  I'm pleased again.

Oh no!  He's looking away again.  I'm getting a little closer to him.  My voice is bit stronger, too.  

I can't take it.  I had to intervene and grab his finger to help him with the pointing.  We're still reading the first word.

Now I get out the word viewer.  It's a little laminated card with an open rectangle in the middle.  It isolates the word or phrase they are reading.  Again, we're trying to eliminate any possible distractions.  Is it working?

That camera young lady must be quite entertaining.

Yes!  He just read tap.  I like to relate each word to something tangible if possible.  In this case he's tapping the counter with his pointer finger.  While he taps, I say "tap, tap".  Then I point to the word again and say tap.

Moving on to the next word.  I'm moving even closer to him because, you know, the closer you are to a new reader, the better they read.  

He just read dad, which happens to be his favorite person in the world.

If we know the sign, we sign it for reinforcement.  He's signing dad.

 Moving in even closer.  He was signing all done and trying to get down.  We still have more words to read.

He read tag so I'm letting him look at the tag in my shirt.  Again, for reinforcement.  With Joe it's not just reading the words, but making sure he understands that these words have meaning.

It's official.  He's done!  See his slumped shoulders and hands down low.  That's his signal that no way, no how is going to read another word.  So we wrap up the reading session and take it up the next day.  I always let him put a sticker at the end of the row he just read.

This is just one portion of the All About Reading Level 1 program.  It also includes practicing phonograms, rhyming words, identifying consonants and vowels, word families, and more we haven't even gotten to yet.  I love this program.  It's laid out in an easy step-by-step fashion allowing a busy mom like me to grab the bag and get to work.  There are many other great reading programs on the market; I've even used some of them.  However, the All About Reading programs have worked well for me now that I'm homeschooling kids in so many grades because the teacher prep is so minimal.  And it works, too.

For those of you that stuck with me to the end....WOW!  that was a long post.

If you would like to visit the All About Learning Website, please click on my affiliate link below.  Thanks a bunch!

Linking up with

  

You might like:

Signs of Reading Readiness for Homeschoolers

Homeschooling---All About Reading---Down Syndrome (how it all works)

How I'm Teaching Joseph to Read and All About Reading Level 1 Review

When I'm researching a new teaching method or curriculum I love getting a glimpse into a real family using the method or curriculum.  Especially, when I have questions in regards to Joseph and Down syndrome I turn to the internet for insight.  And it's most helpful to find a blog sharing the nitty gritty details.  Today I'll be sharing the details of teaching Joseph to read.  He's not a reader in the sense that he can pick up a book and read; however, he can read three letter CVC (consonant-vowel-consonant) words and the word the.  He's on his way, albeit very s.....l.....o.....w.....l.....y.  I'll take it though.

Joseph learned his ABC's in the typical fashion:  singing, alphabet puzzles, dvd's, ABC poster (not the exact one we have)

Joseph learned the letter sounds primarily from Leap Frog:  Letter Factory.  I reinforced by using the All About Reading - Pre-Reading Level.  Once that was complete it was time to take the leap to blending sounds and reading words.  And that's where we are now.

I've found the best way to entice new readers is to teach them to read their name.  Name crafts and games are fun.  One thing I've done with Joe is write each letter of his first name on a milk jug cap.  Then trace the caps on a piece of paper.  Write each letter of his name in a traced cap.  Then let him match the milk jug caps to the paper.  This reinforces letter placement and helps them read their name from left to right.  We also make name signs for his bedroom door.  Whenever we go into his room together I point, slide my finger under the letters and say his name.  If I see his name in print somewhere else I point it out.  Maybe it's the author of a book we're reading, or the cashiers name at the store, I point it out to him.  Since we just put up our Christmas tree yesterday, I think this tree name craft will be fun for Joseph (and Peter and Maria, too).

Once they can identify their name consistently, it's time to start putting CVC words together and attempt reading.

Again, Joseph is so visual that DVD's really help.  Another Leap Frog dvd we like is Leap Frog:  Talking Words Factory.  I'm also following the All About Reading - Level 1 program.  

A series of pictures during one of our reading lessons will show best what exactly we do.  The Level 1 reading lessons are too long to complete in one sitting with Joseph.  I also like to review the material heavily before moving on.  Initially, I planned on two short reading sessions a day, but for reasons I can't account for (yeah right) we can only get in one session a day.  At our current rate we'll finish up Level 1 around Joe's 11th birthday (at present he's 7).  I think we better pick up the pace a bit.  I'll narrate the following pictures to give you an idea of how a reading sessions goes.

Amber begins taking pictures as we start on a Fluency Practice sheet.  These are all short (a) words. We only read one line a day, about 7 words.  At the time of these pictures, one line took about 25 minutes to read.  Notice my proximity to Joe as the lesson progresses.  

As you can see, he's a bit distracted by my arm.  I decide to clear away the counter clutter, hoping his focus will improve.

 He pointed, but also got distracted by the camera.

 Lost it again.  Completely into the camera.  I'm getting somewhat annoyed at this point.

 He's sliding his finger, he's sounding out the word, we're on a roll.

I can actually see his mouth making the (a) sound.  I'm pleased again.

Oh no!  He's looking away again.  I'm getting a little closer to him.  My voice is bit stronger, too.  

I can't take it.  I had to intervene and grab his finger to help him with the pointing.  We're still reading the first word.

Now I get out the word viewer.  It's a little laminated card with an open rectangle in the middle.  It isolates the word or phrase they are reading.  Again, we're trying to eliminate any possible distractions.  Is it working?

That camera young lady must be quite entertaining.

Yes!  He just read tap.  I like to relate each word to something tangible if possible.  In this case he's tapping the counter with his pointer finger.  While he taps, I say "tap, tap".  Then I point to the word again and say tap.

Moving on to the next word.  I'm moving even closer to him because, you know, the closer you are to a new reader, the better they read.  

He just read dad, which happens to be his favorite person in the world.

If we know the sign, we sign it for reinforcement.  He's signing dad.

 Moving in even closer.  He was signing all done and trying to get down.  We still have more words to read.

He read tag so I'm letting him look at the tag in my shirt.  Again, for reinforcement.  With Joe it's not just reading the words, but making sure he understands that these words have meaning.

It's official.  He's done!  See his slumped shoulders and hands down low.  That's his signal that no way, no how is going to read another word.  So we wrap up the reading session and take it up the next day.  I always let him put a sticker at the end of the row he just read.

This is just one portion of the All About Reading Level 1 program.  It also includes practicing phonograms, rhyming words, identifying consonants and vowels, word families, and more we haven't even gotten to yet.  I love this program.  It's laid out in an easy step-by-step fashion allowing a busy mom like me to grab the bag and get to work.  There are many other great reading programs on the market; I've even used some of them.  However, the All About Reading programs have worked well for me now that I'm homeschooling kids in so many grades because the teacher prep is so minimal.  And it works, too.

For those of you that stuck with me to the end....WOW!  that was a long post.

If you would like to visit the All About Learning Website, please click on my affiliate link below.  Thanks a bunch!

Linking up with

  

You might like:

Signs of Reading Readiness for Homeschoolers

Homeschooling---All About Reading---Down Syndrome (how it all works)